Question 1
C:9-5 An existing partner wants to contribute property having a basis less than its FMV for an additional interest in a partnership. a. Should he contribute the property to the partnership? b. What are his other options? c. Explain the tax implications for the partner of these other options. C:9-7 Which of the following items can be deducted (up to $5,000) and amortized as part of a partnership?s organizational expenditures? a. Legal fees for drawing up the partnership agreement b. Accounting fees for establishing an accounting system c. Fees for securing an initial working capital loan d. Filing fees required under state law in initial year to conduct business in the state e. Accounting fees for preparation of initial short-period tax return f. Transportation costs for acquiring machinery essential to the partnership?s business g. Syndication expenses C:9-9 How will a partner?s distributive share be determined if the partner sells one-half of his or her beginning-of-the-year partnership interest at the beginning of the tenth month of the partnership?s tax year? 2. (Chapter 9) Problems C:9-25; C:9-27; C9-32 C:9-25 Formation of a Partnership. Suzanne and Bob form the SB General Partnership as equal partners. They make the following contributions: Individual Asset Basis to Partner FMV Suzanne Cash $45,000 $45,000 Inventory (securities) 14,000 15,000 Bob Land 45,000 40,000 Building 50,000 100,000 The SB Partnership assumes the $80,000 recourse mortgage on the building that Bob contributes and the partners share the economic risk of loss on the mortgage equally. Bob has claimed $40,000 in straight-line depreciation under the MACRS rules on the building. Suzanne is a stockbroker and contributed securities from her inventory. The partnership will hold them as an investment. a. What amount and character of gain or loss must each partner recognize on the formation of the partnership? b. What is each partner?s basis in his or her partnership interest? c. What is the partnership?s basis in each asset? d. What is the partnership?s initial book value of each asset? e. The partnership holds the securities for two years and then sells them for $20,000. What amount and character of gain must the partnership and each partner report? C:9-27 Formation of a Partnership. On January 1, Julie, Kay, and Susan form a partnership. The contributions of the three individuals are listed below. Julie received a 30% partnership interest, Kay received a 60% partnership interest, and Susan received a 10% partnership interest. They share the economic risk of loss from recourse liabilities according to their partnership interests. Individual Asset Basis to Partner FMV Julie Accounts receivable $ ?0? $ 60,000 Kay Land 30,000 58,000 Building 45,000 116,000 Susan Services ? 20,000 Kay has claimed $15,000 of straight-line MACRS depreciation on the building. The land and building are subject to a $54,000 mortgage, of which $18,000 is allocable to the land and $36,000 is allocable to the building. The partnership assumes the mortgage. Susan an attorney, and the services she contributes are the drawing-up of all partnership agreements. a. What amount and character of gain, loss, or income must each partner recognize on the formation of the partnership? b. What is each partner?s basis in her partnership interest? c. What is the partnership?s basis in each of its assets? d. What is the partnership?s initial book value of each asset? e. To raise some immediate cash after the formation, the partnership decides to sell the land and building to a third party and lease it back. The buyer pays $40,000 cash for the land and $80,000 cash for the building in addition to assuming the $54,000 mortgage. Assume the partnership claim no additional depreciation on the building before the sale. What is each partner?s distributive share of the gains, and what is the character of the gains? C:9-32 Partnership Income and Basis Adjustments. Mark and Pamela are equal partners in MP Partnership. The partnership, Mark, and Pamela are calendar year taxpayers. The partnership incurred the following items in the current year: Sales $450,000 Cost of goods sold 210,000 Dividends on corporate investments 15,000 Tax-exempt interest income 4,000 Section 1245 gain (recapture) on equipment sale 33,000 Section 1231 gain on equipment sale 18,000 Long-term capital gain on stock sale 12,000 Long-term capital loss on stock sale 10,000 Short-term capital loss on stock sale 9,000 Depreciation (no Sec. 179 or bonus depreciation components) 27,000 Guaranteed payment to Pamela 30,000 Meals and entertainment expenses 11,600 Interest expense on loans allocable to: Business debt 42,000 Stock investments 9,200 Tax-exempt bonds 2,800 Principal payment on business loan 14,000 Charitable contributions 5,000 Distributions to partners ($40,000 each) 80,000 a. Compute the partnership?s ordinary income and separately stated items. b. Show Mark?s and Pamela?s shares of the items in Part a. c. Compute Mark?s and Pamela?s ending basis in their partnership interests assuming their beginning balances are $150,000 each. 3. (Chapter 11 22) Discussion Questions C:11-2, C:11-4 C:11-2 Julio, age 50, is a U.S. citizen who has a 28% marginal tax rate. He has operated the A&B Automotive Parts Company for a number of years as a C corporation. Last year, A&B reported $200,000 of pre-tax profits, from which it paid $50,000 in salary and $25,000 in dividends to Julio. The corporation expects this year?s pre-tax profits to be $300,000. To date, the corporation has created no fringe benefits or pension plans for Julio. Julio asks you to explain whether an S corporation election would reduce his taxes. How do you respond to Julio?s inquiry? C:11-4 Lance and Rodney are contemplating starting a new business to manufacture computer software games. They expect to encounter losses in the initial years. Lance?s CPA has talked to them about using an S corporation. Rodney, while reading a business publication, encounters a discussion on limited liability companies (LLCs). The article talks about the advantages of using an LLC instead of an S corporation. How would you respond to their inquiry? 4. (Chapter 11 22) Problems C:11-29, C:11-37 C:11-29 Comparison of Entity Forms. Carl Carson, a single taxpayer, owns 100% of Delta Corporation. During 2010, Delta reports $150,000 of taxable income. Carl reports no income other than that earned from Delta, and Carl claims the standard deduction. a. What is Delta?s income tax liability assuming Carl withdraws none of the earnings from the C corporation? What is Carl?s income tax liability? What is the total tax liability for the corporation and its shareholder? b. Assume that Delta instead distributes $80,000 of its after-tax earnings to Carl as a dividend in the current year. What is the total income tax liability for the C corporation and its shareholder? c. How would your answer to Part a change if Carl withdrew $80,000 from the business in salary? Assume the corporation pays $6,000 of Social Security taxes on the salary, which it can deduct from the $150,000 taxable income amount in Part a. Carl also pays $6,000 of Social Security taxes on the salary, which he cannot deduct. d. How would your answers to Parts a?c change if Delta were instead an S corporation? C:11-37 Determination of Pass-Throughs and Stock Basis Adjustments. Mike and Nancy are equal shareholders in MN Corporation, an S corporation. The corporation, Mike, and Nancy are calendar year taxpayers. The corporation has been an S corporation during its entire existence and thus has no accumulated E&P. The shareholders have no loans to the corporation. The corporation incurred the following items in the current year: Sales $300,000 Cost of goods sold 140,000 Dividends on corporate investments 10,000 Tax-exempt interest income 3,000 Section 1245 gain (recapture) on equipment sale 22,000 Section 1231 gain on equipment sale 12,000 Long-term capital gain on stock sale 8,000 Long-term capital loss on stock sale 7,000 Short-term capital loss on stock sale 6,000 Depreciation 18,000 Salary to Nancy 20,000 Meals and entertainment expenses 7,800 Interest expense on loans allocable to: Business debt 32,000 Stock investments 6,400 Tax-exempt bonds 1,800 Principal payment on business loan 9,000 Charitable contributions 2,000 Distributions to shareholders ($15,000 each) 30,000 a. Compute the partnership?s ordinary income and separately stated items. b. Show Mike?s and Nancy?s shares of the items in Part a. c. Compute Mike?s and Nancy?s ending stock bases assuming their beginning balances are $100,000 each. When making basis adjustments, apply the adjustments in the order outlined on pages C:11-24 and C:11-25 of the text.
Question 3
Directions: Answer the following five questions on a separate document. Explain how you reached the answer or show your work if a mathematical calculation is needed, or both 1. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? a. The ratio of long-term debt to total capital is more likely to experience seasonal fluctuations than is either the DSO or the inventory turnover ratio. b. If two firms have the same ROA, the firm with the most debt can be expected to have the lower ROE. c. An increase in the DSO, other things held constant, could be expected to increase the total assets turnover ratio. d. An increase in the DSO, other things held constant, could be expected to increase the ROE. e. An increase in a firm?s debt ratio, with no changes in its sales or operating costs, could be expected to lower the profit margin. 2. Companies HD and LD have the same tax rate, sales, total assets, and basic earning power. Both companies have positive net incomes. Company HD has a higher debt ratio and, therefore, a higher interest expense. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? a. Company HD has a lower equity multiplier. b. Company HD has more net income. c. Company HD pays more in taxes. d. Company HD has a lower ROE. e. Company HD has a lower times interest earned (TIE) ratio. 3. Companies HD and LD have the same total assets, sales, operating costs, and tax rates, and they pay the same interest rate on their debt. However, company HD has a higher debt ratio. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? a. Given this information, LD must have the higher ROE. b. Company LD has a higher basic earning power ratio (BEP). c. Company HD has a higher basic earning power ratio (BEP). d. If the interest rate the companies pay on their debt is more than their basic earning power (BEP), then Company HD will have the higher ROE. e. If the interest rate the companies pay on their debt is less than their basic earning power (BEP), then Company HD will have the higher ROE. 4. Muscarella Inc. has the following balance sheet and income statement data: Cash $ 14,000 Accounts payable $ 42,000 Receivables 70,000 Other current liabilities 28,000 Inventories 210,000 Total CL $ 70,000 Total CA $294,000 Long-term debt 70,000 Net fixed assets 126,000 Common equity 280,000 Total assets $420,000 Total liab. and equity $420,000 Sales $280,000 The new CFO thinks that inventories are excessive and could be lowered sufficiently to cause the current ratio to equal the industry average, 2.70, without affecting either sales or net income. Assuming that inventories are sold off and not replaced to get the current ratio to the target level, and that the funds generated are used to buy back common stock at book value, by how much would the ROE change? a. 4.28% b. 4.50% c. 4.73% d. 4.96% e. 5.21% 5. Quigley Inc. is considering two financial plans for the coming year. Management expects sales to be $301,770, operating costs to be $266,545, assets to be $200,000, and its tax rate to be 35%. Under Plan A it would use 25% debt and 75% common equity. The interest rate on the debt would be 8.8%, but the TIE ratio would have to be kept at 4.00 or more. Under Plan B the maximum debt that met the TIE constraint would be employed. Assuming that sales, operating costs, assets, the interest rate, and the tax rate would all remain constant, by how much would the ROE change in response to the change in the capital structure? a. 3.83% b. 4.02% c. 4.22% d. 4.43% e. 4.65%
